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2021 - Volume 4 - Number 2

The Hamas Movement: Ideology vs. Pragmatism

David Schwartz * dvd99@015.net.il * ORCID: 0000-0002-3989-8546
Bar-Ilan University, Department of Political Science, Ramat Gan, ISRAEL

Daniel Galily * daniel.galily@gmail.com * ORCID: 0000-0001-9111-4502 * ResearcherID: D-4390-2019
South-West University “Neofit Rilski”, Faculty of Philosophy, Department of Philosophical and Political Sciences, Blagoevgrad, BULGARIA

Open Journal for Studies in History, 2021, 4(2), 39-54 * https://doi.org/10.32591/coas.ojsh.0402.01039s
Received: 24 March 2021 ▪ Accepted: 1 August 2021 ▪ Published Online: 29 August 2021

LICENCE: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

ARTICLE (Full Text - PDF)

ABSTRACT:
This study aims to present the Hamas Movement, its ideology and pragmatism. With progress and modernization, the Islamic movements in the Middle East realized that they could not deny progress, so they decided to join the mainstream and take advantage of technological progress in their favor. The movement maintains at least one website in which it publishes its way, and guides the audience. Although these movements seem to maintain a rigid ideology, they adapt themselves to reality with the help of many tools, because they have realized that reality is stronger than they are. In conclusions: the rise of the Islamist movements as a leading social and political force in the Middle East is the result of the bankruptcy of nationalism, secularism and the left in the Arab world, which created an ideological vacuum, which is filled to a large extent by the fundamentalists, ensuring that Islam is the solution. It is not only about the extent of the return to religion, but about the transformation of religion into a major political factor both by the regimes and by the opposition. These are political movements that deal first and foremost with the social and political mobilization of the masses, and they exert pressure to apply the Islamic law as the law of the state instead of the legal systems taken from the Western model. Islam is a belief rooted in the consciousness of the masses and deeply ingrained in Egyptian culture. In Israel, the situation is different, modernization and democracy also affects Israeli Arabs. Therefore, it is possible that Islam is not so deeply rooted in the culture of the Arab citizens of Israel, they are aware of the possibility of a different path other than Islam. The movements have developed over time tools that enable them to cope with reality. The religious law in Islam allows flexibility in organizing community life, Shari’a is adapted to reality because of the ruler's ability to canonize legislation and flexibility in political life according to principles such as sabra and long-term goals, to compromise with reality and find temporary solutions, as well as religious scholars who provide fatwas and commentaries on every subject.

KEY WORDS: Hamas Movement, Palestinian Authority, Israel, ideology, pragmatism.

CORRESPONDING AUTHOR:
David Schwartz, Bar-Ilan University, Department of Political Science, Ramat Gan, ISRAEL. E-mail: dvd99@015.net.il.

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